Solar thermal and solar photovoltaic power are similar in that both use the sun as an energy source, and both are renewable. However, there are quite a few differences between them, including price, type of energy output, and the things that energy can be used for in your home. The table below should give you a good idea of the pros and cons of both types of solar power.
| Solar Photovoltaic | Solar Thermal | |
| Price of a typical home system | $17,394 | Varies wildly depending on type chosen, usually a lot lower. |
| Ease of doing it as a ‘do it yourself’ project | Cannot make panels easily, difficult, requires skill with electrical wiring | easier and cheaper |
| Form of energy output | electricity | heat |
| Uses to which energy can be put | Electricity, heating, transport, other | Water or air heating |
| Nature of associated dangers | Electrocution if badly installed or damaged, can be dangerous to fire crews if they aren’t properly trained. | Heavy weight of water on roof in many designs, and the usual cautions when dealing with large amounts of hot water |
| Use in cold climates | Yes, energy depends on hours and angle of sunlight | Yes, but only certain types |
| Weight on roof | Yes if roof mounted, less than many thermal hot water | Yes if roof mounted, not suitable for all roofs |
| Price per kWh sunny climate | 36.36cents/kWh | N/A |
| Price per kWh cloudy climate | 79.99cents/kWh | N/A |
Prices are global average for July 2009 and are US denomination. They exclude rebates your government may give. They assume the system is grid-tied.
The Pros and Cons of Solar Energy: Photovoltaic and Solar Thermal Power